Hydrocarbon furnace



(No Model.

J. W. & J. R.,HOUGHIN.

. HYDROGARBON FURNACE.

mililillll Iii Patented July 12,1881.

. Y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSHUA HOUOHIN' AND JOSHUA It. HOUOHIN, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGN ORS TO THE HYDROOARBON FURNACE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HYDROCARBON-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 244,239, dated July 12, 1881.

Application filed March 30, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSHUA W. HoUoHIN and Josnna R.HoUcH1N, of the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings,and State of New York,

have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hydrocarbon-Film aces, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates toimproved appliances for utilizing petroleum and other liquid by dro- 1 1o carbons, atomized or vaporized, as fuel in furnaces.

In our previous inventions relating to the same subject (descriptions of which are on file in the Unitcd'States Patent Office) we have I 5 aimed more especially at the rapid and economical generation of steam in boilers.

The object of our present invention is to provide improved means for smelting and decarbonizing pig-iron in puddling and other fur- 2o naces for its conversion into the malleable grades of steel and bar-iron. V For this purpose our invention consists in i the construction and combination of parts,

whereby the intense heat required is conceni; trated'in the puddling-trough of the furnace while the temperature near the inlet for the i fuel is comparatively low, in order to protect the pipes and nozzles from injury by too much heat, and a blast of air, properly applied and i 0 regulated, issupplied for the needful conver sion of the liberated carbon into carbonic acid and its complete combustion, as will he hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a piuldling-furnace embodying our present improvement. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same taken on the line a; a; of Fig. 1, and seen in direction of the arrow 1. Fig.

4o 3 is a hOrlZOntal section of the same taken on the liney y of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail horizontal} section of the upper air valve nozzle taken on the line 2 z of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the same, taken on the line 1 5 v 'v of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a detail cross-section through the line to w of Fig. 3 of one of the lower or atomizing nozzles with air-valve. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of the same, taken on the line u u of Fig. 6.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the several figures.

The furnace is an oblong fire-brick structure, as seen in the drawings, A being the paddlingtrough, bordered by the side walls of the furnaceand the bridge-wallsBO; D, thefront-end 5 5 wall, through which the fuel and blast are entered; E, the escape-flue to the chimney, and F, the chimney, at the rear end of the furnace.

The flue E, instead of running in a continuous straight line from the puddling-trough to the chimney, is extended by the interposition of an arched fine and air-heating chamber, Gr, in the shape of an inverted U standing upon the ground, its space being confined bythe side walls of the furnace, the inner central arch, g,

the outer arch or roof, 9, the bridge-Wall O, and

the rear end wall, H. The floor or bottom of the flue E extends from the chimney clear across the flue G to the wall of the inner arch, 9, thus forming ahorizontal partition in the rear leg of the arched flue G, and a chamber I below said partition.

Through the rear wall, H, is inserted the discharge-tube J of a revolving fan or other blowing-engine. 1

In the flue or chamber G are arranged a series of air-pipes,.i, curved to conform to the shape ol thefiue. The rear ends of these pipes are fastened through the partition e, and open into the chamber 1, and the front ends'ot' the said pipes are connected to a larger pipe or drum, K, placed across the furnace in the lower end of the front leg of the flue G.

One or more large pipes, L, closed at their outer ends, connect with the drum K, and extend thence along and underneath the furnace to and through the front wall, D, projecting beyond the said wall sufficiently to allow of attaching to them one or more upright pipes, L, to which are connected one or more atomizin g-nozzles, M, and,finally, the upper air-valve nozzle, N. The nozzles M N are inserted in the furnace-wall D, their extreme inner ends being flush with the inside of the said wall.

We prefer to make the furnace of about the 5 proportion of width and length shown in the drawings, and to employ two atomizing-nozzles, M, arranging the hydrocarbon-pipes 0 with their ends within the end openings of the said nozzles, and nearest to the upper edge of said openings, so that when the valve 0, in the pipe 0, leading from the oil-reservoir to the distributing-pipes 0, is open, the oil issuing from the pipes 0 is intercepted as it falls and blown into atoms by the airjets issuing from the nozzles M.

The pipe-couplin g by which the nozzle is attached is provided with a transverse guidegroove, in which a gate-valve, m, is fitted to slide, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, for use in regulating the air-supply to produce proper vaporization.

The space between the bridge-wall B and the front wall, D, is provided with abricked vault, It, forming a furnace-floor whose surface is a little below that of the puddling-trough A.

When a heavy or less volatile hydrocarbon oil or liquid, such as crude petroleum, is used for fuel, it is necessary, in order to kindle it, to make a small fire with coal or wood on the floor R, thekindling fuel being fed in through the hand-hole r, at one end of the kindlingbox, whose sides are formed of the wall D and the fire-bridge S. The latter, built upon the bridge-wall B, is made curved and reclining toward the end wall, D, so as to make the kindling-box much narrower above than below. The upper part of the concave side of the bridge S is rounded oft by a convex curve at s, the two curves forming a continuous even line, resembling the cyma of architecture. The atomizing-nozzles M enter the Widest part of the kindling-box a little above the floor R, the hydrocarbon vapors partly ignite, whirl about, recoil from the fire-bridge in direction of the arrows, contract, and mix thoroughly in passing through the narrow part of the kindling-box until, in passing over the top of the bridge S they encounter the sheet-jet of air which, from the nozzle N, passes the upper rear edge of the bridge at a downward inclination, impinging upon the iron in the trough A. On meeting the upper air-jet the vapors become thoroughly ignited and the intensity of the heat increases manifold when they reach the trough, while the temperature in the kindling-box is comparatively low, as desired, to prevent burning the nozzles.

Theheated air from the furnace before reaching the chimney F through the narrow escapefiue E expands in the flue or chamber G, and communicates its heat to the series of curved pipes t, drum K, and pipes L, thereby heating the blast, which, entering the chamber I through the tube J, passes through pipes 27, K, I1, and Z to the nozzles M N.

The nozzle N consists of a cast-iron box of oblong or rectangular openingextending across the full inside width of the furnace, and havin g on the outside two nipples, a, for receiving the upper ends of the pipes Z.

A flat oscillating damper or gate-valve, P, fitting the nozzle, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, is hinged or pivoted by being fastened upon a rod or pin, 19, having its hearings in the opposite ends of the nozzle above the outline of the air-current. One end of the rod 1) projects through theend wall of the nozzle N, and has secured upon it a toothed segment, T, in gear with a worm, Q, which latter has its bearings in a suitable bracket, 12, cast or attached to the nozzle N.

By ahand-erank, q, upon the end of the worm Q the latter can be turned to oscillate the segment T to any nicety required to properly adjust the size of the discharge-opening of the nozzle by raisin g or lowering the free edge of the valve P.

a designates the usual side door of the furnace, through which the iron is accessible for poking and the slag is raked out.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a hydrocarbon-furnace, the combination of one or more vaporizing-nozzles, M, having air-valves m and feed-pipes 0, conveying liquid fuel to the mouth of said nozzle or nozzles, with a superjacent adjustable nozzle, N, arranged to direct a sheet-jet of blast over the fire-bridge into the body of the furnace, substantiall y as specified.

2. In combination with a hydrocarbon-furnace, the air-blast nozzle N, extending about the full interior width of the furnace and provided with an adjustable valve, I, to regulate the thickness of the jet and discharge-opening without affecting its width, substantially as herein set forth.

3. In combination with a hydrocarbon-furnace having a circularly-arched blast-heating flue, G, interposed in the escape-flue E between the furnace proper and the chimney, the blastinlet pipe J, the air-chamber I, the series of circular air-pipes 1', connected by cross-pipe K to longitudinal pipes L beneath the furnace, and the nozzle-pipes Z, all constructed and arranged substantially as specified.

JOSHUA W. HOUOHIN. JOSHUA R. HOUGHIN.

Witnesses:

A. W. ALMQVIST, JOHN M. STELLE. 

